1.4 Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility
The definition of sustainability is
complicated further in the corporate context rather than clarified.
Corporations talk of sustainability in a variety of ways applying to a broad
range of topics – financial, social or environmental. Purists would argue that
it is often applied inappropriately to encompass notions of durability and
resource efficiency. Perhaps even more confusing is the use by many business
leaders of the term interchangeably with notions of corporate responsibility
(CR) and corporate social responsibility (CSR).
Corporate social responsibility (CSR, also
called corporate conscience, corporate citizenship, social performance, or sustainable
responsible business/Responsible Business) is a form of corporate
self-regulation
integrated into a business model. CSR policy functions as a
built-in, self-regulating mechanism whereby a business monitors and ensures its
active compliance with the spirit of the law, ethical standards, and international
norms. The goal of CSR is to embrace
responsibility for the company's actions and encourage a positive impact
through its activities on the environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members of the public sphere
who may also be considered as stakeholders.
The term "corporate social
responsibility" came into common use in the late 1960s and early 1970s
after many multinational corporations formed the term stakeholder, meaning those on whom an
organization's activities have an impact. It was used to describe corporate
owners beyond shareholders as a result of an influential book
by R. Edward Freeman, Strategic management: a
stakeholder approach in 1984.[2]
Proponents argue that corporations make more long term profits by operating
with a perspective, while critics argue that CSR distracts from the economic
role of businesses. Others argue CSR is merely window-dressing,
or an attempt to pre-empt the role of governments as a watchdog over powerful multinational corporations.
CSR is titled to aid an organization's
mission as well as a guide to what the company stands for and will uphold to
its consumers. Development business
ethics is one of the forms of applied
ethics that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems
that can arise in a business environment. ISO 26000
is the recognized international standard for CSR. Public sector organizations
(the United Nations for example) adhere to the triple bottom line (TBL). It is widely accepted
that CSR adheres to similar principles but with no formal act of legislation.
The UN has developed the Principles for Responsible Investment
as guidelines for investing entities.
Above text sourced from Wikipedia under a Creative
Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License on 25/07/12
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_social_responsibility
Activity 4
Take
30 minutes to read about sustainability and CSR in Crowther and Aras (2010)
available as a free e-book from bookboon.com. Download the book and read
pages 7-13 inclusive and 38-49 inclusive. Making a new entry in your learning
diary, answer the ‘Self-Test Questions’ on page 50.
Remember, this is just one
perspective on sustainability. As we have learned, sustainability remains a
challenging concept to define and means different things to different people.
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